Efficacy of Some Botanicals in the Control of Bacterial Soft Rot Disease of Cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) Varieties in Umudike, Abia State.
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Eastern Research Farm of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU) from June to August 2017 cropping season to assess the disease incidence and severity of the bacterial soft rot disease of cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) and to determine the efficacy of leaf extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ficus sur, and Jatropha curcas in the control of bacterial soft rot disease of cucumber and on yield performance. The experimental design was RCBD replicated three times. The treatments were the leaf extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ficus sur,and Jatropha curcas. Streptomycin synthetic (antibiotics) served as a positive check while sterile water served as the control. Three varieties of cucumber used were Beta alpha, Marketer and Ngwa Local. Seeds were sown on a 6m ridge at Im x 0.75 m spacing. Diseased fruits were taken to the laboratory for examination, isolation and identification of micro-organisms, and the causal organism identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum. The result showed that fruit rot can initiate from the 6th week after planting increasing till harvest; and disease symptoms develop and become more pronounced after long period of rainfall (402.6mm) and high humidity (85%). Result showed that all the botanicals assessed significantly (P≤0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity when compared to the control which recorded 62.20% and 3.76 respectively. Plants treated with leaf extract of Ficus sur had the best performance in yield (18.56t/ha), and compared favourably with Streptomycin which recorded 20% and 1.24 incidence and severity. It is therefore recommended that extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ficus sur, and Jatropha curcas be used as a better alternative biopesticides to synthetic pesticide in the management of bacterial soft rot of cucumber in Umudike, South Eastern Nigeria
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