Responses of Growth, Yield, and Disease Assessment Indices of Tannia [Xanthosoma Sagittifolium (L) Schott] to Plant Spacing and Manure Sources in Umudike
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Abstract
A field study was conducted for three consecutive years to investigate the effect of plant spacing and manure sources on growth, yield and disease assessment indices of tannia [Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L) schott] at the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Eastern Research Station, Umuahia. A piece of land measuring 11m x 20 m was cleared and prepared for beds of plot sizes of 4 m x 3 m with a space of 1.0 m and 0.50 m between and within plots, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a 3 x 3 factorial fitted into Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in which Factor A comprised three organic manure sources (control, poultry and goat manures of 5 t ha-1 each while Factor B formed three planting spaces (1.0 m x 0.30 m, 1.0 m x 0.40 m and 1.0 m x 0.50 m) with 33333, 25000 and 20000 ha-1 plant densities, respectively. There was a total of nine treatment combinations with three replicates. Cormels of equal sizes were planted in June in each of the three years. The results showed that there were no significant main and interaction effects of plants spacing and manure sources on leaf area, leaf area index, dry matter production, harvest index and disease incidence of tannia.
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References
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Orji, K. O., Mbah, E. U. and Muoneke, C. O. (2018). Leaf area index, root rot disease incidence and yield responses of Tannia [Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott] to integrated plant nutrient management in Umudike, Nigeria. Proceedings of the National Annual Conference of Crop Science Society of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State. Pp 374 – 384.
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Xanthosoma Wikipedia, (2014). www.wikixanthosoma.org
Ahmed, M. E., Abdelrhim, A. J., Salaheldeen, E.A., Feisal, M. I.and Elshiekh, A. I. Determination of suitable variety and plants per stand of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in the sandy soil, Sudan. Advances in Life Sciences 2(1): 1- 5.
Antony. N. and Veerabahu, R. M. (2012). Antioxidant activities of Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott using various in vitro assay models. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1: 701 – 706.
Chukwu, G .O. and Eteng, E. U., (2014). Enhancing soil health and control of cocoyam root rot through integrated plant nutrition. Basic Research Journals, 2(4): 40 – 45.
Doungous, O., Bi, E. A., and Nehemie, D. T. (2014). Induction of resistance in cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) to Pythium myriotylum by corm treatments with Benzothiadiazole and its effects on vegetative growth. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 5 (2): 164 – 171.
Hailu, A. and Sue, E. (2011). Planting with space. Institute for Sustainable Development. Addis Ababa.P.120
Hota, R., Jena, A. K. and Narayana, K. L. (2014). Effects of inorganic and organic amendments on yield of cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) and on soil properties. World Journal Agricultural Research. 2(2): 70-81.
Iwuagwu, M. O., Okpara, D. A., Muoneke, C. O and Ukaoma, A. A. (2016). Organic and mineral fertilizer effects on growth and yield of cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) in a tropical Ultisol in Southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 8 (10): 175- 181.
NRCRI (2010). National Root Crop Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, Nigeria. Cocoyam programme, 2010 Annual Report. P. 5.
Ndon, B.A., Ndulaka, N.H and Ndaeyo, N.U. (2003).Stabilization of yield parameters and some nutrient components in cocoyam cultivars with time in Uyo, Southern Nigeria. Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2:74 – 78.
Obi, I.U. (2001). Introduction to factorial Experiments, for Agricultural, Biological and social sciences Research (2nd Ed). Optimal publisher Ltd Nigeria. P.7 – 9.
Ogbonna, P. E., Orji, K. O., Nweze, N. J. and Opata, P. (2015). Effect of plant spacing on plant population at harvest and tuber yield in taro (Colocasia esculenta L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10: 308- 316.
Ojeniyi, S. O., Amusan, O.A. and Adekiya, A. O. (2013). Effect of poultry manure on soil physical properties, nutrient uptake and yield of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) in South-western Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural Environmental Sciences. 13(1): 121-125.
Onwueme I. C. and Sinha, T.D. (1991). Field Crop Production in Tropical Africa. CTA, Ede, the Netherlands 8: 552.
Onwueme, I.C. (1978). The Tropical Tuber crops. New York, U.S.A. John Willey and Sons.
Orji, K. O., Mbah, E. U. and Muoneke, C. O. (2016). Response of growth and yield of taro var. coco-india to different rates of NPK fertilizer and poultry manure at Umudike. Proceedings of the National Annual Conference of Crop Science Society of Nigeria, Abia State, pp 406-408.
Orji, K. O., Mbah, E. U. and Muoneke, C. O. (2017). Effect of integrated plant nutrient management on growth and yield of tannia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) at Umudike, Southeastern Nigeria. Proceedings of the National Annual Conference of Crop Science Society of Nigeria, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, pp 223- 233.
Orji, K. O., Mbah, E. U. and Muoneke, C. O. (2018). Leaf area index, root rot disease incidence and yield responses of Tannia [Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott] to integrated plant nutrient management in Umudike, Nigeria. Proceedings of the National Annual Conference of Crop Science Society of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State. Pp 374 – 384.
Owusu-Darko, P. G., Paterson, A. and Omenyo, E. L. (2014). Cocoyam (corms and cormels) – An unexploited food and feed resource. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment, 3 (1): 22-29
Titus, P. (2008). A Crop Production Technical Guide. Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development (CARDI), St Vincent and Grenadines, p.1.
Udoh, D. J. and Ndon, B. A. (2016). Crop Production Techniques for the tropics. Concept Publications Limited, p. 120.
Ufot, U.O. (2012). Soils and the Environment. Shadow Publishers Limited. Pp. 808
Uguru, M.I. (2011) Rev. Ed. Crop Production Tools, Techniques and Practice. Full Pub. Com. 55-57pp
Uwah, D. F., Udoh, A. U. and Iwo, G. A. (2011). Effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on growth and yield of cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott). International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3(1): 33-38.
Xanthosoma Wikipedia, (2014). www.wikixanthosoma.org