Control of Leaf Spot Disease of Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. (Fluted Pumpkin) Using Some Agricultural Effluents in Umudike, Nigeria
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Abstract
A field trial was conducted in 2017 cropping season at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike to test the impact of some agricultural effluent on the control of leaf spot disease of fluted pumpkin. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. The effluents from rice, cassava, maize, oil palm and a control (sterile water)were applied at 20ml/plant two weeks after germination at plant base and data collected until after 14weeks of planting. The parameters assessed were disease incidence, disease severity, growth and yield parameters. Samples of diseased leaves were taken from field to the laboratory for pathogenicity test, isolation, identification and characterization of the pathogen. Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) was used to separate the means at probability level of 5%. Results obtained from disease incidence and severity showed that rice effluent scored 31.25% and 1.75 respectively, while oil palm scored 32.50% for disease incidence and 1.59 severity which were significantly (P <0.05) better than other treatments in reducing incident and severity of leaf spot disease including the control (75% disease incidence and 4.83 severity). Generally all the effluents were observed to enhance growth in all the parameters assessed (vine length, number of leaves and number of branches and stem diameter) when compared with the non-treated plants (control). For instance, rice gave best vine length (247.33cm) followed by corn (199.59cm) and were statistically higher than the control (137.58cm). Pathogenicity test result showed that the organism was able to induce leaf spot on the seedlings and the organism from infected leaves was identified as Xanthomonas spp. This study demonstrated the efficacy and potential of some agricultural effluents in reduction of bacterial leaf spot of fluted pumpkin. These agricultural effluents can be used by farmers in order to minimize the risk of leaf spot incidence in the field since they are readily available and affordable
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References
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