Antioxidant effects of ethanol seed extract of Mucuna Sloanei (Hamburger Bean) on Monosodium Glutamate intoxicated albino rats
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Abstract
Some antioxidant effects of Mucuna sloanei ethanol seed extract (MSEE) were investigated in monosodium glutamate (MSG) intoxicated rats. Thirty (30) female albino rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=5) and treated once per day per os for 28 days as follows; Group A received only clean water; Group B was intoxicated with MSG at the dose of 8000 mg/kg b.w only; Group C received 400 mg/kg b.w of the extract only; Groups D-E were intoxicated with MSG (8000 mg/kg b.w) and also received different doses of the extract; 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg b.w respectively. Thereafter, blood was collected for assay of reduced glutathione GSH, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, as well of malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that MSG reduced GSH level from 63.08±3.98 IU/L in rats given only MSEE to 37.37±2.27 IU/L. This was however reversed by MSEE in intoxicated rats at all doses, with 400 mg/kg giving a significant (P<0.05) increase in GSH of 50.25 IU/L. The extract at 800 mg/kg, significantly (P<0.05) increased SOD and CAT activities from 20.15 IU/L in MSG intoxicated rats to 25.43 IU/L, and 3.75 IU/L to 29.80 IU/L respectively. The extract also reduced the level of malondialdehyde, a marker for peroxidation, which was increased by MSG intoxication. We conclude that MSEE reverses oxidative effects of MSG in intoxicated rats.
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References
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Xin, Z., Waterman, D. F., Hemken, R. W. and Harmon, R. J. (1991). Effects of copper status on neutrophil function, superoxide dismutase, and copper distribution in steers. Journal of dairy science, 74(9), 3078–3085. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-
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Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol, 106: 121 – 126.
Bilici, M., Efe, H., Koroglu ,M. A., Uydu ,H. A., Bekaroglu M. and Deger, O. (2001) Antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in major depression: Alterations by antidepressant treatments. Journal of Affective Disorders; 64(1):43–51.
Bouayed, J., Bohn, T. (2010) exogenous antioxidants—double-edged swords in cellular redox state: health beneficial effects at physiologic doses versus deleterious effects at high doses. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity; 3(4): 228-237.
Davey, M. W. I, Stals, E., Panis, B., Keulemans, J., Swennen, R.L. (2005). "High-throughput determination of malondialdehyde in plant tissues". Analytical
Biochemistry. 347 (2): 201–207.
Davis, C. D., Tsuji, P. A. and Milner J.A. (2012) Selenoproteins and Cancer Prevention. Annual Review of
Nutrition; 32:73-95.
Diallo, O .K., Kante, S., Myhrman, R.,
Soumah, M., Cisse, N.Y. and Berhe, T. (2002): Increasing farmer adoption of Mucuna pruriens as human food and animal feed in the Republic of Guinea. Review of Ecology and Systematic 25:325 – 349.
Ellman, G. L. (1959) Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys. May; 82(1):70-7.
Eweka, A.O. and Adjene, J.O. (2007):
Histological studies of the effects of monosodium glutamate on the medial geniculate body of adult Wister rat, Electrone. J. Biomed., 2: 9-13.
Ezueh, M. I. (1997): Cultivation and utilization of minor food legumes in Nigeria. Tropical Grains Legumes Bulletin No. 10, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Farombi, E. O and Onyema, O. O. (2016) Monosodium glutamate-induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in the rat: modulatory role of vitamin C, vitamin E and quercetin Human & Experimental Toxicology Vol 25,
Issue 5, pp. 251 – 259
Griffith, O. W. 1980. Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide using glutathione reductase and 2vinylpyridine, Analytical Biochemistry, 106: 1; 207-212 https://doi.org/10.1016/00032697 (80)90139-6.
Hayyan, M., Hashim, M. A., Al Nashef, I. M. (2016). "Superoxide Ion: Generation and Chemical Implications". Chem.
Rev. 116 (5): 3029–3085.
Jalalpure, S. S., Alagawadi, K. R, Mahajanashelti CS (2007). In-vitro anthelmintic property of various seed oils against Pheritima posthuma. Ind. J. Pharm. Sci., 69(1): 158-160.
6
Loliger, J (2000). "Function and importance of Glutamate for Savory Foods".
Journal of Nutrition130 (4s Suppl): 915s–920s.
Molloy, S. A., Rowan, E. N., O’Brien, J. T, Mckeith, I. G, Wesnes. K. and Burn, D. J (2006). Effect of levodopa on cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease with and without dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 77: 1323.
Nair, C. L. and O'Neil, P. G. Wang (2008) "Malondialdehyde", Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Nishikawa, M., Tamada, A., Kumai, H., Yamashita, F. and Hashida, M. (2002). Inhibition of experimental pulmonary metastasis by controlling biodistribution of catalase in mice. Int J Cancer 99:474–479.
Nwosu, J. (2011). The Effect of Storage
Condition on the
Rheological/Functional Properties of Soup Thickener Mucuna sloanei (Ukpo). Res., 3: 6
Oguwike, F. N., Eluke, B. C., Offor C. C., Emenuga V. N., Onubeze D. and Ozoekwe C. N. (2017) Study on The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Mucuna sloanei (Ukpo) On Haematological and Haemostatic Mechanisms of Albino Wistar Rats. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-9, Page
1051
Ohkawa, H., Ohish, I N., and Yagi, K. (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. J. Anal.
Biochem 95:351–358
Poornachandra, M. N., Khanam, S.,
Shivananda, B.G.T.N., Chivanandra, T. N. and Dris, R. (2005). Mucuna pruriens (LDDC)-A novel drug for learning and memory retrieval. J. Food. Agric. Environ., 3(3&4): 1315:
Rajeshwar Y., Kumar, G.P.S., Gupta, M., and Mazumde, r U. K. (2005). Studies on in-vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) seeds. Eur. Bull. Drug Res., 13: 31.
Seguí, J., Gironella, M., Sans, M., Granell, S., Gil, F., Gimeno, M., Coronel, P., Piqué, J. M., and Panés, J. (2004). "Superoxide dismutase ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis by reducing oxidative stress, adhesion molecule expression, and leukocyte recruitment into the inflamed intestine". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 76 (3): 537–44.
Singh, K. and Ahluwalia, P. (2003): Studies on the effect of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) administration on some antioxidant enzymes in the arterial tissue of adult male mice, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol (Tokyo), 49: 145.
Standley, P.C. (1926) Contributions from the United States National Herbarium.
Vol 23
Tuleun, C.D., Carew, S. N., and Patrick, J. A. (2008). Fruit characteristics and chemical composition of some varieties of velvet beans (Mucuna spp) found in Benue State of Nigeria. Livestock Res. Rural Dev., 20: 10.
Ukachukwu, S.N, Ezeagu, I.E., Tarawall, G. and Ikeorgu, J.E.G (2002):
Utilization of Mucuna as a food and feed from Mucuna. Current uses and the way forward (Editors, Flores B.M, Ellitta M, Myhrman R, Carew L.B and Carsky), R.J Workshops, CIDICCO, CIEPCA and World
Hunger Research Center, Tegucigalpa, Honduras, pp. 189 – 287.
Waryekeche, E., Wakasa, V. and Mureithi, J.G. (2003): Effect of germination alkaline and acid soaking and boiling on the nutritional value of mature and immature Mucuna beans. Tropical and subtropical agroecosystems (183 – 192).
Xin, Z., Waterman, D. F., Hemken, R. W. and Harmon, R. J. (1991). Effects of copper status on neutrophil function, superoxide dismutase, and copper distribution in steers. Journal of dairy science, 74(9), 3078–3085. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-
0302 (91)78493-2