Journal of Sustainable Social and Management Sciences (JSSMS)

Impact of the Control Measures of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission on Public Sector Accountability in Nigeria

E. H. Udeh, J. U.B. Azubuike, J. U. Ihendinihu — Wed, 16 Oct 2019 09:02:10 +0000

This paper reports research results on the impact of Economic and Financial Crimes Commission control measures on public sector accountability in Nigeria. It adopted the ex-post facto research design and covered the period 2008 to 2014. The number of convictions and money recoveries are used to represent the variables EFCC control measures and public sector accountability respectively. Regression model was used to analyze the secondary data and test the research hypotheses. The research evidence shows that the number of convictions used as EFCC control measure does not determine the amount recovered in a year. It was concluded that EFCC fund recovery is not a function of the number of convictions and hence the recommendation that EFCC should broaden the varieties of its control measures as a way of checking corruption and improving public sector accountability in Nigeria.

Effects of Multiple Interpretation of Commencement Provisions in the Nigerian Income Tax Laws on Assessable Profits of Taxpayers.

J U. Ihendinihu, O E. Alpheaus, S N. Onyekachi — Wed, 16 Oct 2019 11:03:58 +0000

Nigerian Tax legislations are typically complex and are sometimes presumed to be ambiguous; and attempts to interpret the provisions or even apply them in practice, have often met with divergent outcomes. A typical case relates to the provisions in Nigerian Income Tax Laws for computing assessable profits in the third tax year of a new business which have been subject to multiple interpretations among tax experts culminating in different amounts of assessable profits in practice. This paper discussed the various interpretations to the provisions relating to the third tax year. Simulated adjusted profits of twelve new businesses were generated for the first four years of existence and the assessable profits for the third year of assessment computed using three interpretational approaches under different scenarios of dates of commencement and accounting year-ends. Paired Sample t-test and Analysis of Variance were used to test for differences in mean assessable profits. With F-ratio of 10.924 being significant at 1% level, the study indicates that assessable profits for the third tax year significantly differed among the approaches. The paper concludes that multiple interpretation to the commencement provisions for calculating assessable profits in the third tax year leads to significant disparity in computed assessable profits and promotes inequity in the distribution of tax burden among taxpayers. The study propounds the Clear Letters Theory and recommends for uniform adoption of the preceding fiscal year of government in computing assessable profits in the third tax years of new businesses in Nigeria.

Adopted Sons and Traditional Rulership In Igbo Land, South Eastern Nigeria

C. O. Omeire — Thu, 17 Oct 2019 08:56:32 +0000

The study examined child adoption and traditional rulership in the context of the Igbo society. Specifically, it sought to determine the prospect of adopted sons assuming the mantle of leadership as royal fathers or traditional rulers in Igbo land, using rural communities in Imo State as case study.

Human Security and Global Stability: The Role of Purposeful Leadership

D. A. Wokocha — Thu, 17 Oct 2019 09:07:40 +0000

This paper examines the nexus between securing the human or individual and maintenance of international peace and stability. Over the years the issues of national or physical security have been given much concern with the subject of human security non-existent in some cases thereby putting global peace at risk. This work argues on the management of international peace through the lens of human security by weighing three major risks or threats towards peace. The paper concludes that human security in our contemporary world has become a key strategy to avoiding global risks and international security management and therefore, recommends the purposeful participation of leadership in integrating human society at all levels but, particularly at the national levels, to achieve sustainable peace and human security development. This would translate to global peace and stability. Data for this paper is qualitative in nature and as such relies on secondary sources and extensive literature review.

Influence of Mergers and Acquisitions on Depositors’ Confidence in the Nigerian Banking Industry

A. N. Nwaubani, A. E. Osuala — Thu, 17 Oct 2019 12:23:02 +0000

This study examines the response of depositors’ confidence to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in the Nigerian banking industry. Secondary data covering the period 1997 to 2013 was used. The regression output with the aid of SPSS software yields mixed results. While the confidence of the three classes of depositors, namely: private sector depositors, public sector depositors and total private-public sector depositors, show positive but insignificant response to M&As as proxied by merger dummy variable, it indicates positive and significant response to shareholders’ fund an alternate proxy for M &As. The paired student t-test shows significant response of confidence of the three classes of depositors to M & As. Overall, the findings suggest that the mergers and acquisitions have enhanced depositors’ confidence in the Nigerian banking industry. It is recommended inter-alia that banks should design products and services with mass appeal to their existing and prospective private sector customers in order to sustain and boost their enhanced confidence in the banking industry. This would translate to further increased deposit mobilization.