Insecticidal Effects of Some Plant Leaf Extracts and Cypermethrin against Eggplant Shoot and Fruit Borer Leucinodes Orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Infestation on Eggplant

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Published: Sep 7, 2018
Keywords:
Cypermethrin, Damage, Eggplant, L., orbonalis, Plant, extracts

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K. C. Emeasor
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike
O. A. Uwalaka

Abstract

Field trials were conducted on the damage assessment of L. orbonalis and effect of application of some plant leaf extracts and Cypermethrin on yield of eggplant at the Vegetable Research Farm of National Horticultural Research Institute, Mbato Substation, Okigwe, Imo State during the cropping seasons of 2013 and 2014. The experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates of fourteen plots each. Treatments consisted of ethanolic leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera (Lam.), Azadirachta indica (A. Juss), Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) and Ocimum gratissimum (L.) each at 50%, 75% and 100% concentrations. Cypermethrin (12.5% E.C.) was used as a standard check and distilled water as control. Eggplant seeds were sown in the nursery and six weeks after sowing, seedlings were transplanted at a spacing of 1m × 1m on the experimental plots of 9m2. Data were collected on the population of L. orbonalis, number of fruits of S. gilo, number of punctures on fruits and number of damaged fruits (% fruit damage). Results obtained indicated significant differences (P<0.05) between the treatments and control on the mean number of damaged fruits, with Cypermethrin recording the lowest (2.46%) and 100% M. oleifera extract (3.03%) for the two seasons. Mean number of fruits per plot significantly increased in all the tested plant extracts and Cypermethrin compared with the control at P<0.05. Their application reduced the L. orbonalis number and also caused increased fruiting, although their efficacies varied with plants that received 100% Moringa oleifera extract producing the highest (187.70) number of fruits/plant/plot and corresponding greater yield of 7033.33kgha-1 while the control recorded highest (20.60) number of damaged fruits.  Results also showed that the plant extracts applied as bio-insecticides were effective against L. orbonalis as their application significantly reduced the insect pest population, which resulted in the reduction in the number of holes/punctures on fruits compared to the control.

Article Details

Issue
Vol 16 No 2 (2015): JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Section
Articles/Crop & Soil Sciences

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